Centrifugal pump, condenser, and compressor.



E, S. G. REES GBNTRIFUGAL PUMP, CONDENSER, AND COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 241 1910;

975,997, r Patented Nov. 15, 1910.

' 4 SHEETS-SHEET 1.

j E. s. e. BEES. UBHTBII'UGAL PUMP, CONDENSER, AND GOMPBESSOB.'

union-10x Hum um: 24, 1910.

Patented Nov; 15,1910.

E. S; G. REES.

GENTRIFUGAL PUMP, CONDENSER, AND COMPRESSOR. APPLICATION FILED JUNE 24, 1910.

Patented Nov 15,1910.

' E. s. e. REES, cnnmruen, rum, 0QNDENSER, AND comrnnsson. I I APPLICATION TILED 111N324, 1910. v 975,997, Patented Nov. 15, 1910.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

["yo [22,]; d w a f W 4 w y 2. I /l I, I 5. 1 a a To all whom it may concern:

{ST TE PA aro.

- EDMUND sco'rr Gns'rAvn Rnns,'or ;woLvE1irrA1virroN,- haman.

Be it known that 'I, EDMUND Soorr Gos- TA'VE REES, a subject of the King of Great.

B1-itaiIi, residing atzThe Rees Roturbo vManufacturing Company, Limited, of VVolver-. hampton, in the'county of Stafford, England, managing director, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Gen-- trifugal Pumps, Condensers, and Compressors, of which'the followingis a specification.

This'invention relates primarily to centrifugal apparatus for the exhaustion of spaces containing air or other non-condensible gases, or steam or other condensible gases,"and in' the latter case also for the condensing of such gases. This has been effected in apparatusof the class referred to by connecting the space to be exhausted with a chamber or chambers situated inside .the casing of a centrifugal; pump or turbine and having-ducts. communicating with a constricted outlet or outlets in the water circuit of the pump impeller or rotor which is preferably constructed with large capacity so as to constitute asfiuid pressure reser- I voir operating as described .in co-pending U. S. patentapplication No. 880847.

The object of the present invention is to secure a more efiicient way of entraining the gas or vapor with the water vpassing through the constricted portions of the nozzles at or near the periphery of the rotary. pres--' sure drum. This is accomplished according to the present invention by spreading or.

subdividing the-stream of water'in such a way as to presenta ,maximum. of surface and permit the air orother gas to distribute itself over the whole surface. in an efficient manner.

If the streams of water are flattened so as to present a fan-shaped or fconed surface, such streams may be projected from the 1mpeller across an interven ng space into the fixed casing of the pump so as to entrap between successive jets columns ofthegases or vapor ffilling or, supplied to the interveningspace. Or the gases are directly entrainedin the sprayed or ruffled jets formed by the impinging streams.

In the accompanying drawings, Flgure 1 is a part'longitudinal section and F1g.'2 a part transverse section of an impeller or rotor embodying in one formthe, present invention;-.Fig. 3 is a longitudinal sectionand F 4 a side elevation partly in sect on ot a' Slightly modified, construction; Fig;

cEii'rRIrUeAL PUMP, connnnsnn, ANflCQMPRESSbIt.

I Specification of Letters'Patent' Patenfd 15, 191() i Application fi1e d-June'24, 1910.- Serial No. 568,727 i a detail showing in section a feature of the modified construction; Fig. 5 is a part transverse section of an impeller showinga. fur- 'ther modificatlon, and Fig. 5 is sectionion line A-AAof Fig. 5; Figs. 6 -and7 are a partial longitudinal section and partial transverse section respectively of a further section of an impeller embodying a further modification; Fig. 9 1s a part side elevation,

I partly insection, of the same; and Fig. 10

1s a section on line B-B of Fig.9.

As'shownin Figs. 1 and 2 the air or other gasor Ivapor enters an inner chamber a in the impeller through its'hollow shaft b and this chamber communicates withthe water nozzles c of the impeller through ducts or nipples d. The outlets of thes'enipples are formedas or provided with hoods (1 project'in'g into the waterwayfrom the inner modification; Fig. 8 is a part longitudinal.

edge of the nipple so as to spread the; water into a seml-cylindricalor otherwise curved sheet or blanketover the end of the gas duct,

Another. method whereby the streams of water may be spreadvor fiattened is to in cline the nozzles ofthe pump impellerto-I 1 ward each other in groups of two or more that'the mutually inclined ets w llf'strl;

each other and the water spread out in'to fan-shaped sheets. These sheets if-proje'cted L across a space containing gas or vapordnto' f.

suitably shaped ducts in. a fixed casing. elf-. it

train columnsof gas or vapor bet-ween successive sheets and carry theminto the ducts in the casing in theknown manner.

' In the modified construction of Figs 3 and 4, a comb'or gride is-substitutedfor the"; hood cl; Fig. 4 is a detail showing the grid in section. The bars of these grids split up; I or laminate the stream of-water infront "of the gas duct-s at so as toinduce or freelyper-f mit the entrainment of the gas between the divided streams. Such comb y, be plane or curved or bent transversely a the passages between the teeth may be ar e ranged to give any desired relativeinclination of the divided streams so that theymay for exam le 1m in' e a ainst eachother at a' P P a: V s

suitable point or points in the vacuum cham? ber f and breakup or spraythe individual streams or form flattened sheets with ruflled surfaces. The total space between the bars of the: grid may be such that this point will be the :liIOSlI- constricted part of the water nozzle or the combor grid may be placed either-ator near the most constricted part of.

the nozzle or other suitable position in the waterchannel. For example, as shown in Flgs. 5 and 5" the grids e are placed at the inner ends of tubes g, with which the gas chamber a communicates by ducts d and which discharge the mixed gas and water into supplementary jets h which are supplied through ducts 71. from the water chamber of the impeller.

In the construction shown in F igs, 6 and 7 which is more particularly intended for large impellers, the grid is on the rear or mner side of lateral ducts or holes in the wall of the impeller "connecting the gas or air space, which in this case is external to the impeller, with the water nozzles. In this case the grids are preferably made in two halves c 6 each extending partly across the waterway and having a screwed nipple e by which itisscrewed into the gas inlet duct or through the wall of the waterway so as to form the gas duct.

' water channel in each of these constructions enlarged in area an into which the air or (gas is admitted may be the gas entrained in the watersimp'ly by projecting the water at a high velocity through a grid placed in front of this enlarged area, or as explained above the streams may be pro ected across an' intervening space between the impeller and the fixed casing into which it delivers and theair trapped between successive sheets of water formed by causing these'st reams to impinge against each other in pairs.

In the construction shown in Figs. 8, 9

and. 19, the impeller m, which is preferably formed ith an internal fluid reservoir of very .gre t capacity compared with the area of its discharge outlets or nozzles c, which are formed in the periphery of the impeller, and which are mutually inclined in pairs so that'the impinging streams form fan-like sheets of Water or spray, is provided with a cod 1:. integral therewith or suitably att ched, which hood is furnished at its periphery with short transverse blades 0 dened to exhaust the space within the hood. is space f is in communication through the apertures f with the apparatus or space from which the gases are to be extracted and these gases are entrained within the hood by means of the fan-like sheets of water .or spray caused by the impinging of the streams issuing from the nozzles 0..

In the preferred arrangement of mutually inclined jets, the directi ns of theseveral resultant sheets of water obtained by mutually'in'clining the transverse row of nozzles c in pairs, are arranged to be themselves mutually inclined'toward a common point within the hood, so that these resultant streams or sheets of liquid combine to form a singlesheet of sprayed water of very great area and of such length circumferentially that the series of sheets obtained- The part of the 'in this manner occupy the full periphery ,of the hood which, therefore, especially toward its periphery, will practically be completely occupied by a mass of finely d vided spray which is projected toward the openmgs between the blades 0 and the periphery of the hood. This mass of spray together with the entrained air or other gas,

is ejected into the surrounding fixed casing p which, in order to insure against leakage backinto the hood, may havea series of reversely inclined. vanes g 9)- spaced. around the inner periphery of the fixed casing in conjunction with the usual.

expanding channel or channels which may be formed, for example, as shown in'Fig. 9 by cut-waters 1", the edges of which latter preferably approximate very closely to the periphery of the hood, or may consist of a single expanding channel as in the well known evolute type of fixed casing.

Instead of the water issuing from the nozzles in impinging streams so as to be converted into' fiat sheets, the nozzles may be parallel and the streams issuing from them may be subdivided, as by means of a grid, into a very large number of jets which would have practically the same result as the mutually inclined streams, namely of filling the interior of the hood with a mass of rain or sprayed water which is projected toward the openings between the vanes and the periphery of the hood. Having thus described my invention and the'best means I. know of carrying the same into practical effect, I claim 1. A centrifugal vacuum pump, condenser or compressor comprising an impeller having peripheral discharge nozzles mutually inclined to cause the issuing streams to form fan-like sheets of water or'spray, substantially as described.

2. A centrifugal vacuum pump, condenser or compressor comprising an impeller having peripheral discharge nozzles and a hood rotating with the impeller {and encircling the space into which the nozzles discharge.

3. A centrifugal vacuum pump, condenser or compressor comprising an'impeller having peripheral discharge nozzles and a hood rotating with the impeller and encircling the space into which the nozzles discharge, the periphery of the hoodbeingfitted with short transyerse vanes adapted to act as an extractor, substantially as described.

4. A centrifugal vacuu pump, condenser oxi' compressor comprising an impeller hav ing peripheral dlscharg nozzles arranged in transverserows mutually inclined in pairs anda hood rotating with the impeller and encircling the space into which the nozzles discharge.

5. A centrifugal vacuum pump, condenser or. compressor comprising an impeller hav- .ing peripheral discharge nozzles arranged in transverse rowsmutually inclined in pairs and a hood rotating with and a hood rotating with the impeller and encircling the space into which the nozzles discharge, theperiphery of the hood being fitted with short transverse vanes, substantially as. described.

6. A-centrifugel vacuum pump; condenser or compressor comprising an impeller having peripheral discharge nozzles arranged in transverse rows mutually inclined in pairs the impeller and encircling the space into which the nozzles fitted in the hood, substantially as described.

two subscribing Witnesses.

I EDMUND scorr GUSTAVE REES.

Vvitnessesz v ARTHUR EATON,

discharge, the periphery 0f the hood being THOMAS GEORGE PRICE.

fixed-casing into which the fluids are dis- 5 ing a series of "vanes opposed to the vanes- In testimony whereof I have signed my; name to th s specification inthe presenceof 2b 

